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African leaders seek innovative methods to boost agriculture

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African authorities are seeking innovative methods to enhance funding for the agriculture industry in the continent and to improve the price and accessibility of fertilizers. This urgency arises from the recognition of the deteriorating condition of arable land in Africa.

Recent studies indicate that over 65% of agricultural land in Africa is currently experiencing degradation as a result of insufficient fertilizer utilization, soil erosion, and acidification. This alarming situation has raised concerns among leaders, as it poses a significant existential danger to the foundation of the continent’s economies, namely agriculture.

The Heads of State and government, along with the leaders participating in the Africa Fertiliser and Soil Health Summit in Nairobi this week, believe that increased funding and intra-Africa trade in fertilisers will be essential for sustaining agriculture across the continent.

The extent of land degradation in sub-Saharan Africa is a topic of ongoing debate. Conflicting perspectives exist regarding its regional and local scales, methodologies and reliability of indicators, and the effects of past and current degradation on food security, rural livelihoods, and the future of Africa.

“Fertiliser access and affordability must be improved. Financing tools such as trade credit guarantees, working capital, and targeted subsidies must be consolidated to reduce market distortions, reduce costs and strengthen input supply chains,” said the leaders in the Nairobi Declaration published on May 9.

“The need for regional cooperation on the issue of fertiliser and soil health is greater than ever before as opportunities for investment and great inter- and intra-regional trade are now significantly enhanced by AU member states’ adoption of the Africa Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA).”

“The majority of Member States are still over-dependent on imported fertilisers, especially non-phosphate-based fertilizers which expose Africa to external market shocks and price volatility,” they explained.

Based on data from the African Union, fertilizer utilization in Africa is significantly lower compared to other regions globally. The global average for fertiliser use is 135kg per hectare, however, in Africa, it is just 18kg. This is far lower than the aim of 50kg/ha set in 2006 at a conference in Abuja.

What’s more, “the recent global fertiliser crisis has disproportionately affected Africa, with a year-on-year decline of 25 percent in fertiliser consumption in 2022,” said the declaration.

“Recent global economic crises, compounded by supply chain disruptions from the Covid-19 pandemic and geopolitical dynamics, have worsened fertiliser affordability and availability, and disrupted agriculture, resulting in reduced acreage and lower yields,” Kenyan President William Ruto said in his address at the summit.

“We call upon the private sector to increase investments in Africa’s fertiliser industry and promote sustainable soil management practices.”

Private sector entities operating in agricultural production and fertiliser manufacturing assert that reducing the price of fertilisers to ensure accessibility for small-scale farmers is vital, although it is a challenge that they are unable to do single-handedly.

“Governments should relook tax policy for fertilisers and could remove some items to lower overall costs,” said William Ngeno, country representative in Kenya and Uganda for fertiliser manufacturer Yara International.

“Partnership in the building last mile access to fertiliser with private sector is crucial. Farmers need to access the fertiliser as close to them as possible.”

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Nigeria’s ARN Foods partners Canada’s AGI Miltec for rice milling plants

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One of Nigeria’s commodities trading organisations, A.R.N Foods, is making the move into rice milling and production. To process high-quality rice and increase food security in Nigeria, AGI Miltec, a global provider of grain processing solutions, has teamed up with A.R.N Foods.

Adelota Nola, the founder and CEO of ARN Foods, stated during the contract signing ceremony in Lagos on Friday, that his firm will use AGI Milltec’s cutting-edge solutions to process high-quality rice for the Nigerian market as part of their partnership.

Stressing that the collaboration is a team of experts to drive food sustainability and maximize the agricultural value chain which has remained under-explored in Africa. According to Nola, A.R.N. is taking the lead in finding a solution to the shortage of rice which has proven to be the world’s largest staple in demand.

Also in attendance was the Executive Director at Providus Bank, Mr Adeoye, the Chief Executive Officer of Parallex Bank- Olufemi Bakare, Executives from Lotus Bank, Media mogul Chief Dele Momodu and other top executives, partners and stakeholders.

“The deficit is very large. We can only start from somewhere. If we sleep and say the problems are so much and there is nothing we can do about it, then we will all just continue to sleep. But if we say we can do a little by taking the first step to solving the problem like we are doing today, then someone from somewhere can emulate what we are doing.

“If 100 people try to solve the problem, one day the problem will be solved. We have taken the first step to solving the rice deficit problem in Nigeria,” he said.

Vincent Joseph, the Business Development Manager for AGI in Nigeria, discussed the company’s history and experience that made it suitable for ARN’s ambitious goals. The company has over thirty years of experience operating throughout continents and Africa, and it has constructed over ten mill plants in Nigeria.

“The rice quality we see today is due to two reasons. One is the quality of paddy itself and the second comes from the way it is processed. There are still people over here that are using traditional methodology for processing and the quality of that will not be so good.

“We have 25 years’ experience in the rice milling sector. In Nigeria, we are not new. We know the quality of paddy and the requirements. We would like to bring the same quality to Nigeria. This one has been specifically designed for the Nigerian market and we already know the benchmark that Nola is looking for,” he said.

According to Joseph, the collaboration between the two companies would be smooth because A.R.N. Foods already has backward integration and is processing its rice paddies as the next natural step. He emphasised the solid engineering and financial foundation of AGI Milltec.

He also emphasized that the construction of the mill will be according to the acceptable standards from its parent country – Canada, thus issues around managing emissions from the mill plant will not arise.

Currently, Nigeria produces more rice than any other country in West Africa. The nation consumes more rice than any other country in the region in absolute terms because of its massive population. The average national production of milled rice is 3.3 million tonnes, compared to an anticipated 5.2 million tonnes of yearly consumption. But post-harvest loss remains one of the biggest challenges in the rice farming space, with private investment like ARN geared towards the space, it is yet to be seen if local rice production can become sufficient, and become export goods in the global highly competitive market.

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Zimbabwe looks to private companies to increase rail freight volumes

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To increase freight volumes that had fallen as a result of decades of underinvestment, Zimbabwe’s state-owned railway operator has opened up its network to private operators, including a division of South Africa’s Grindrod, an official said.

At its height in the 1990s, Zimbabwe’s National Railways handled 12 million tonnes of cargo annually; today, however, due to a shortage of locomotives and inadequate maintenance of its rail system, it handles less than 3 million tonnes.

In addition, the collapse came after a precipitous fall in mineral and agricultural production brought on by the violent takeover of white-owned farms in 2000, which was supported by Robert Mugabe, the former leader of Zimbabwe.

Nonetheless, China’s desire for lithium and chrome is the primary driver of the recovery in mineral output.

Recent years have seen the establishment of iron ore, steel, chrome, and lithium enterprises in Zimbabwe by Chinese corporations including Tsingshan Holdings, Sinosteel, Sinomine, Zhejiang Huayou Cobalt, and Chengxin Lithium.

Through Mozambique’s ports, they export minerals to China, and the NRZ’s present capability isn’t keeping up with the expanding volume of commodities being exported. With the help of private businesses, the state-owned organisation is currently trying to increase its capacity.

“Last year we uplifted 2.8 million tons against the available business of 3 million tons,” NRZ spokesperson Andrew Kunambura told Reuters in an interview on Wednesday.

“So these private companies are coming in with their locomotives and wagons to augment what we have.”

As part of the agreement, Grindrod has deployed three locomotives and 150 waggons through its Zimbabwean subsidiary, Beitbridge Bulawayo Railway, since March.

The logistics company based in South Africa is preparing for goods train partnerships in the region as underfunded state-owned operators allow private players to access its deteriorating networks.

The mineral-rich country is seeing an increase in new mining operations that need more rail capacity. It also contains some of the largest resources of copper and lithium in the world, which are needed for renewable energy.

To capitalise on the growing market potential in the area, Grindrod has reorganised its rail division, CEO Xolani Mbambo informed analysts last week. The DRC’s inland railway business and Transnet, a South African corporation that also intends to open up its network to private operators, are potential partners for the company. Recently, the company reached an agreement to cooperate with Transnet.

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