Strictly Personal
Babajide Sanwo-Olu, APC and the question of continuity in Lagos, By Wale Ajayi
Published
2 years agoon
It is not news that Lagos has one of the largest and fastest growing sub-national economies in Africa as the economic and commercial nerve centre of our country Nigeria. It’s equally not news that Lagos is projected for even bigger and better things but there’s still more work to be done to achieve this. We can argue that Lagos is on a trajectory for development and it’s a pride for all of us. What is surprising these days is the belief in some quarters that those in charge of Lagos since 1999 have had little or no contribution to the development of Lagos. May I emphatically dismiss these notions with a sense of responsibility, as these are just attempts at manipulating the electorate.
It is funny how some even say the government of Lagos hasn’t been doing anything, and that all the development has been done since when Lagos was a federal capital territory. As much as these arguments are lame, it is important to say that only a part of the entire area of the current Lagos state was the FCT which was then administered by Lagos City Council (LCC). The then Lagos FCT stretches from Surulere in the far west along Western avenue to Victoria Island and Ikoyi which is the major secretariat. The area of the Lagos FCT can best be described as the current Lagos central senatorial district which includes local government areas like Lagos Island, Lagos Mainland, Eti-Osa, Surulere, and Apapa. The rest of the two senatorial districts comprising 15 LGAs were part of the western region.
It is fact that since 1999, the dominant political party – the APC (as ACN, AC, and AD) has held sway and they have had successive leaders like the President-elect Asiwaju Bola Ahmed Tinubu, Babatunde Raji Fashola (SAN), Akinwunmi Ambode, and the current governor Babajide Olushola Sanwo-Olu. The political party and group have maintained their dominance throughout different phases of our newest and the longest political dispensation since 1999 starting in opposition in Lagos, then to regional dominance, and most recently to becoming the party in federal power. All these are products of hard work, tenacity, and innovativeness of the core leaders of the party and the resolve of our cosmopolitan people to identify with the progressives throughout these 23 years and over six election cycles.
As much as we may have genuine reasons for grievances over unmet expectations, there has been significant progress since 1999 and there’s always room for improvement. Our people need to be reminded of where we are coming from and where we are in terms of developmental strides in Lagos state. Socio-economic development can only happen in an underdeveloped society by first solving the basic problems that can help people realize their potential. Qualitative and affordable education for human capital development, accessible healthcare service to support body and soul, a decent living wage to meet basic necessities like food, clothing, and shelter, and a secure environment that allows individual innovation to develop and businesses to thrive. For me, these are the main cross of policy formulators of developing economies. In Lagos, our healthcare service, public education, transportation services, infrastructures, security, and civic engagement have been on a continuous trend of improvement from 1999 – to date. Some of us, aged 30 years and above, may remember how some of our public primary and secondary schools were then compared to now and the tremendous improvement in the facilities, learning environment and teacher motivation through various educational reforms in education since 1999, and this is a testimony that’s climaxed with EKO Project by successive APC governments.
A visit to most of those public schools now showed tremendous improvement and complete transformation from what they used to be in 1999. To ensure no student drops out due to inability to pay fees, the Lagos state government implemented free education in all public primary and secondary schools, including payment of WAEC/NECO fees for all students regardless of their state of origin. I was one of those final-year secondary school students who benefitted from the payment of NECO exam fees in 2002. Graduating sets before ours benefitted and I am glad this continues to this day. Tertiary education continues to also receive significant attention from the government. Several upgrade projects, facility improvement, and staff motivation have been done in the Lagos State University, Lagos State College of Medicine (LASUCOM) and other polytechnic and colleges run by the state, improving teaching and learning experiences. Most recently in the realization of the need for expanding university education services in the state, the state government under Governor Babajide Olushola Sanwo’olu has announced the establishment of two additional universities – Lagos State University of Technology Ikorodu with campuses in Ikorodu and Isolo and Lagos State University of Education Epe with campuses in Epe and Ijanikin. These were achieved by upgrading the former Lagos State Polytechnic in Ikorodu and Isolo, state-owned Adeniran Ogunsanya College of Education Ijanikin, and Micheal Otedola College of Primary Education Epe. Here’s a government which is in tune with current realities and innovatively responding and providing solutions.
I’m sure we will not also forget the dangerous security situation in 1999, of armed robberies, armed gang clashes and cultism that dominated that era. It got so bad at some point that armed robbers will rob a house today and come for the next tomorrow. Or should we forget the inglorious periods when armed robbers will write letters to inform residents they are coming and they will? Have we forgotten also how communities and streets resorted to self-help through “VIGILANTE,” a localized security system burning tires on the roads to keep vigil and public maiming and burning of thieves? Upon inauguration in 1999, the government prioritized these and established what we know as “Rapid Response Squad (RRS)” a well-equipped and well-motivated crime prevention and fighting outfit of the police and other law enforcement agencies by reorganizing “Operation Sweep” they inherited. From RRS to OP MESA, the Lagos state government has lived up to the responsibility of improving the security of lives and properties. In other to continue these trends of prioritizing security and sustain it beyond now, the Lagos state government established the Lagos State Security Trust Fund (LSSTF) in 2010 in partnership with the corporate sector. The trust fund continues to yield positive results in improving the security of lives and properties by providing necessary equipment both hardware and software for modern-day security infrastructure like CCTV in major areas and business districts, fortified situation rooms, and motivated personnel. Realizing most crimes are localized in the communities, the Lagos state government have also over the period under review established the Lagos Neighborhood Safety Corps (LNSC) a community-based uniformed civil security system strategic for complimenting police in maintaining law and order, crime prevention, as well as information gathering. The agents have been seen manning public school gates and helping traffic flow on the roads and highways thereby complementing the work of LASTMA. We must have also seen them well-kitted on their beautiful bikes surveying the streets and detecting and reporting crimes and public disorder to law enforcement agents. Despite the improvement in all facets of the security system, we must also acknowledge that as we tackle old crimes and security challenges we also have to deal with newer ones. The last few years have seen a reduction in armed robberies, gang fighting, cultism, and burglary but we now have to contend with newer crimes like kidnapping for ransom, internet scams, and occultic activities like ritual killing for money or/and organ harvesting. A lot more work is still needed as society evolves but the government is far more in a position to tackle these problems by building on previous gains.
Health is wealth. This is not truer than the manner in which the Lagos state government has prioritized the provision of accessible and inclusive healthcare services to all in Lagos. From subsidized healthcare services for young people below 16 and old people from age 60 and above to continuous upgrades of all general hospitals, primary healthcare centres, and the building of new ones. In addition to these conventional hospitals, the state has also established several other specialists and purposefully built medical facilities like the Burns and Trauma Center in Gbagada, Accident and Emergency Center at Old Toll Gate, and several Mother and Child Centers (MCC) strategically located around the state. The Lagos State Ambulance Services (LASAMBUS) come along as a special-purpose emergency responder for accidents and other emergencies. We cannot also forget quickly how the Lagos State government has become a champion, a pacesetter, and a good reference of global repute in public health management, especially during pandemics. The state was globally commended for how it managed the Ebola crisis during the time of Governor Fashola and Dr. ‘Jide Idris as commissioner for health. The World Health Organization and the United Nations were full of commendations for the state government, the governor, and his team. Such is the excellence of Lagos state. Little have we resolved the Ebola crisis that the world is besieged with yet another public health crisis with COVID-19. Lagos being the major entry into our country again became one of the major risks like other major entry points in other countries. This template and model for managing Ebola became an easy adoption by most states, the federal government, and even many other countries. Such greatness in the time of emergency is the quality leadership we have been having under APC in Lagos.
Twenty-one years down the line, these concerted efforts have yielded a lot of results transforming the transportation landscape of Lagos and creating jobs and business opportunities for private sector participation. The state’s massive investment in a modernized mass transit system with Bus Rapid Transport (BRT) with dedicated routes to reduce travel time is a first in our country and Africa, a feat ingeniously developed by the thinking team of Lagos government which has achieved successes that are widely commended and admired world over. It’s also important to add that the BRT system has been replicated in some states and some countries like Morocco, Tanzania, and South Africa. Successive Lagos state governments through LAMATA have continued to implement the master plan and improve on the previous achievement in the transport section with the execution of modernized transportation infrastructure like the bus terminals in Ikeja, Yaba, Oyingbo, and MMA Mafoluku. In the category of modernized major transport infrastructure, the multi-terminal Oshodi transport interchange deserves special mention. There can be no number of words that can describe how Oshodi used to be and how it has become after the project development than for the readers to embark on this journey of discovery. It’s a complete 360 degrees turnaround. Lagos has not only welcomed several private-led contributions into the transport mix like the e-hailing taxis like Uber and Bolt (formerly Taxify) but has also recently introduced LagosRide as an alternative taxi. Comfortable inner city minibuses were also introduced last year as a gradual alternative to the legendary danfos and Vanagon.
To complement this, Lagos has also witnessed significant development in road infrastructural development within this period. The Lekki-Epe expressway, the Ikoyi link bridge linking Ikoyi to Lekki, the Ajah flyover, the western avenue upgrade, and the Agege Motor Road upgrade from Mushin-Idi Oro that hitherto was a menace. The Abule-Egba flyover, the ongoing Opebi Ojota link bridge, the massive road and bridge infrastructure in Epe, the Ikorodu massive road and bridge project, the 21 roads and two bridges projects in Alimosho extending to areas bordering Ogun State from Aboru, Command, Ikola, Ipaja, Ayobo, Agbelekale, Ekoro, AIT Road with three link bridges Aboru, Ota, and Ayobo. The Agege Pen Cinema interchange bridge linking and connecting several towns and cities. The soon-to-be-completed Ikeja bridge and flyover, Yaba bridge and flyover, and the 10-lane Lagos-Badagry expressway incorporated with rail lines.
A few weeks ago, the state government’s unwavering determination to include rail transport in the mix of the intramural transport system saw a major boost with the commissioning of the first phase of the Lagos Rail Mass Transit (LRMT)’s Blue Line which shall run from Okokomaiko (Mile 2) to Marina through the National Theatre in Iganmu corridor. The second phase of this project shall birth the Red Line which shall connect Agbado to Marina via the Ikeja and Yaba corridor. These achievements remain a pointer to the progress and development of the state and her people. The state government’s massive investments in modernized terminals, jetties, and efficient boats through Lagos State Waterways Authority (LASWA) cannot be overemphasized. The epoch Five Cowry Terminal, Ikorodu terminal, Ebute Ero, and Badore, and other jetties underscore the government’s commitment to developing the water transport system. The joy of people living in Ikorodu and its environs boating from that part of the state to the cities in a few minutes, escaping the excruciating hold-ups on the roads knew no bounds since their route became operational with assured safety.
Development is incremental and not an easy task. The projected mega city can’t be actualized by the singular effort of the government alone. Private sector participation is critical to success. Investors must see the seriousness and consistency of the government and its policies. As we are all aware no business person will like to invest their money in an atmosphere of insecurities and uncertainties. That Lagos is an investment destination of first choice in Nigeria is an attestation to investors’ confidence in the government and the leadership in the state. I’m sure some of us love the sights and scenes in all the shopping malls scattered around Lagos state in Lekki, Sangotode, Victoria Island, Suruere, Ilupeju, Ikeja, and Festac, with major international brands like Shoprite, Jara, Novare, Aldi, Adide, Justrite, etc. All these private investments can only happen if the investor has confidence in the government and their policies. The comfort and contributions of these investments to job creation and the economy of the state at large cannot be overemphasized.
Lagos is the entertainment capital of Nigeria and Africa. From music to movies, Nollywood, the cinemas and concerts, the hotels, the food, fashion, pubs and clubs from the mainland to the island, Lagos doesn’t sleep. The festivals and the social culture of Lagos are known globally. Our people and foreigners alike have found Lagos the most secure place to live, work, and invest in any other place in the country for many obvious reasons. No wonder they say Lagos is the centre of excellence and the land of opportunities. It is only Lagos you come to with nothing and later become something big. I’m sure you like going to the two parks in Ikeja with your families and friends. All these and more make Lagos what it is. It is not by coincidence that Lagos state has now grown to be the fifth largest economy in Africa, all thanks to the resolve of Lagosians to have a stable and progressive government for consistency of government programs. Ladies and gentlemen, all these projects and developments mentioned were done between 1999 and today. Do not let anyone deceive you or attempt unnecessary historical revisionism.
We should not allow the gains of the past 23 years to go down the drain. It’s your duty as it’s mine to preach this message, canvass, appeal, and beg our people. Parents should appeal to their children, brothers and sisters to their siblings, uncles to their nieces and nephew, husband to wife, boyfriends to girlfriends, padi to padi, in family compounds, our neighbourhood, and in our businesses. We need to take more than a passing interest in the need to ensure Governor Babajide Olushola Sanwo’Olu and the house of assembly members of APC win the coming election.
Fellow Lagosian, the development that Lagos has experienced under APC is unparalleled among the states in Nigeria. Contrary to some beliefs that our leaders viz a viz the government in Lagos since 1999 hasn’t done enough, it is sufficient to clarify that indeed Lagos has witnessed a progressive development of monumental size. Lagos remains and continues to be the confluence of all different tribes, ethnic, and faith in Nigeria and a choice destination for business and pleasure for the international community. The development made in Lagos doesn’t discriminate against any tribe or faith or race. The government of APC and governor Babajide Olusola Sanwo-Olu have kept their promise by delivering on continuous improvement of our dear Lagos.
My brothers and sisters in the Hausa-Fulani communities, the Igbo communities and trade unions, the Ibibios, the Nupes, the Ijaws, the Benins, the Urhobos, the Itsekiris, the Idomas, the Igalas, the Jukuns, and all other non-Yoruba tribes in Lagos, you know as much that this is the only state doesn’t discriminate against you, your business, your livelihood and those of your children, do not abandon the government, the governor, and APC at the moment of critical need.
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Strictly Personal
Let’s merge EAC and Igad, By Nuur Mohamud Sheekh
Published
3 weeks agoon
November 27, 2024In an era of political and economic uncertainty, global crises and diminishing donor contributions, Africa’s regional economic communities (RECs) must reimagine their approach to regional integration.
The East African Community (EAC) and the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (Igad), two critical RECs in East Africa and the Horn of Africa have an unprecedented opportunity to join forces, leveraging their respective strengths to drive sustainable peace and development and advance regional economic integration and promote the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA).
Already, four of the eight Igad member states are also members of the EAC and, with Ethiopia and Sudan showing interest, the new unified bloc would be formidable.
Igad’s strength lies in regional peacemaking, preventive diplomacy, security, and resilience, especially in a region plagued by protracted conflicts, climate challenges, and humanitarian crises. The EAC, on the other hand, has made remarkable strides in economic integration, exemplified by its Customs Union, Common Market, and ongoing efforts toward a monetary union. Combining these comparative advantages would create a formidable entity capable of addressing complex challenges holistically.
Imagine a REC that pairs Igad’s conflict resolution strengths with the EAC’s diplomatic standing and robust economic framework. Member states of both are also contributing troops to peacekeeping missions. Such a fusion would streamline efforts to create a peaceful and economically prosperous region, addressing the root causes of instability while simultaneously promoting trade investment and regional cooperation.
These strengths will be harnessed to deal with inter-state tensions that we are currently witnessing, including between Ethiopia and Somalia over the Somaliland MoU, strained relations between Djibouti and Eritrea, and the continually deteriorating relations between Eritrea and Ethiopia.
The global economy experienced as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, compounded by the Ukraine war and competing global crises, has strained donor countries and reduced financial contributions to multilateral organisations and African RECs. Member states, many of which are grappling with fiscal constraints, are increasingly unable to fill this gap, failing to make timely contributions, which is in turn affecting key mandate areas of Igad and EAC, and staff morale.
A merger between Igad and EAC would alleviate this financial pressure by eliminating redundancies. Shared administrative systems, integrated programmes, and a unified leadership structure would optimise resources, enabling the new REC to achieve more with less. Staff rationalisation, while sensitive, is a necessary step to ensure that limited funds are channelled toward impactful initiatives rather than duplicative overheads.
The African Union (AU) envisions a fully integrated Africa, with RECs serving as the building blocks of the AfCFTA. A unified EAC-Igad entity would become a powerhouse for regional integration, unlocking economies of scale and harmonising policies across a wider geographical and economic landscape.
This merger would enhance the implementation of the AfCFTA by creating a larger, more cohesive market that attracts investment, fosters innovation, and increases competitiveness. By aligning trade policies, infrastructure projects, and regulatory frameworks, the new REC could serve as a model for others, accelerating continental integration.
The road to integration is not without obstacles. Political will, divergent institutional mandates, and the complexity of harmonising systems pose significant challenges. However, these hurdles are surmountable through inclusive dialogue, strong leadership, and a phased approach to integration.
Member states must prioritise the long-term benefits of unity over short-term political considerations. Civil society, the private sector, the youth, and international partners also have a critical role to play in advocating for and supporting this transformative initiative.
The time for EAC and Igad to join forces is now. By merging into a single REC, they would pool their strengths, optimise resources, and position themselves as a driving force for regional and continental integration. In doing so, they would not only secure a prosperous future for their citizens and member states but also advance the broader vision of an integrated and thriving Africa.
As the world grapples with crises, Africa must look inward, embracing the power of unity to achieve its potential. A combined Igad-EAC is the bold step forward that the continent needs.
Nuur Mohamud Sheekh, a diplomatic and geopolitical analyst based in London, is a former spokesperson of the Igad Executive Secretary. X: @NuursViews
Strictly Personal
Budgets, budgeting and budget financing, By Sheriffdeen A. Tella, Ph.D.
Published
4 weeks agoon
November 20, 2024The budget season is here again. It is an institutional and desirable annual ritual. Revenue collection and spending at the federal, State and local government levels must be authorised and guided by law. That is what budget is all about. A document containing the estimates of projected revenues from identified sources and the proposed expenditure for different sectors in the appropriate level of government. The last two weeks have seen the delivery of budget drafts to various Houses of Assembly and the promise that the federal government would present its draft budget to the National Assembly.
Do people still look forward to the budget presentation and the contents therein? I am not sure. Citizens have realised that these days, governments often spend money without reference to the approved budget. A governor can just wake up and direct that a police station be built in a location. With no allocation in the budget, the station will be completed in three months. The President can direct from his bathroom that 72 trailers of maize be distributed to the 36 states as palliatives. No budget provision, and no discussion by relevant committee or group.
We still operate with the military mentality. We operated too long under the military and of the five Presidents we have in this democracy, two of them were retired military Heads of State. Between them, they spent 16 years of 25 years of democratic governance. Hopefully, we are done with them physically but not mentally. Most present governors grew up largely under military regimes with the command system. That is why some see themselves as emperor and act accordingly. Their direct staff and commissioners are “Yes” men and women. There is need for disorientation.
The importance of budget in the art of governance cannot be overemphasized. It is one of the major functions of the legislature because without the consideration and authorisation of spending of funds by this arm of government, the executive has no power to start spending money. There is what we refer to as a budget cycle or stages. The budget drafting stage within the purview of the executive arm is the first stage and, followed by the authorisation stage where the legislature discusses, evaluates and tinkers with the draft for approval before presenting it to the President for his signature.
Thereafter, the budget enters the execution phase or cycle where programmes and projects are executed by the executive arm with the legislature carrying out oversight functions. Finally, we enter the auditing phase when the federal and State Auditors verify and report on the execution of the budgets. The report would normally be submitted to the Legislature. Many Auditor Generals have fallen victim at this stage for daring to query the executives on some aspects of the execution in their reports.
A new budget should contain the objectives and achievements of the preceding budget in the introduction as the foundation for the budget. More appropriately, a current budget derives its strength from a medium-term framework which also derives its strength from a national Development Plan or a State Plan. An approved National Plan does not exist currently, although the Plan launched by the Muhammadu Buhari administration is in the cooler. President Tinubu, who is acclaimed to be the architect of the Lagos State long-term Plan seems curiously, disillusioned with a national Plan.
Some States like Oyo and Kaduna, have long-term Plans that serve as the source of their annual budgets. Economists and policymakers see development plans as instruments of salvation for developing countries. Mike Obadan, the former Director General of the moribund Nigeria Centre for Economic and Management Administration, opined that a Plan in a developing country serves as an instrument to eradicate poverty, achieve high rates of economic growth and promote economic and social development.
The Nigerian development plans were on course until the adoption of the World Bank/IMF-inspired Structural Adjustment Programme in 1986 when the country and others that adopted the programme were forced to abandon such plan for short-term stabilisation policies in the name of a rolling plan. We have been rolling in the mud since that time. One is not surprised that the Tinubu administration is not looking at the Buhari Development Plan since the government is World Bank/IMF compliant. It was in the news last week that our President is an American asset and by extension, Nigeria’s policies must be defined by America which controls the Bretton Woods institutions.
A national Plan allows the citizens to monitor quantitatively, the projects and programmes being executed or to be executed by the government through the budgeting procedure. It is part of the definitive measures of transparency and accountability which most Nigerian governments do not cherish. So, you cannot pin your government down to anything.
Budgets these days hardly contain budget performance in terms of revenue, expenditure and other achievements like several schools, hospitals, small-scale enterprises, etc, that the government got involved in successfully and partially. These are the foundation for a new budget like items brought forward in accounting documents. The new budget should state the new reforms or transformations that would be taking place. Reforms like shifting from dominance of recurrent expenditure to capital expenditure; moving from the provision of basic needs programmes to industrialisation, and from reliance on foreign loans to dependence on domestic fund mobilisation for executing the budget.
That brings us to the issue of budget deficit and borrowing. When an economy is in recession, expansionary fiscal policy is recommended. That is, the government will need to spend more than it receives to pump prime the economy. If this is taken, Nigeria has always had a deficit budget, implying that we are always in economic recession. The fact is that even when we had a surplus in our balance of payment that made it possible to pay off our debts, we still had a deficit budget. We are so used to borrowing at the national level that stopping it will look like the collapse of the Nigerian state. The States have also followed the trend. Ordinarily, since States are largely dependent on the federal government for funds, they should promote balanced budget.
The States are like a schoolboy who depends on his parents for school fees and feeding allowance but goes about borrowing from classmates. Definitely, it is the parents that will surely pay the debt. The debt forgiveness mentality plays a major role in the process. Having enjoyed debt forgiveness in the past, the federal government is always in the credit market and does not caution the State governments in participating in the market. Our Presidents don’t feel ashamed when they are begging for debt forgiveness in international forum where issues on global development are being discussed. Not less than twice I have watched the countenance of some Presidents, even from Africa, while they looked at our president with disdain when issues of debt forgiveness for African countries was raised.
In most cases, the government, both at the federal and state cannot show the product of loans, except those lent by institutions like the World Bank or African Development Bank for specific projects which are monitored by the lending institutions. In other cases, the loans are stolen and transferred abroad while we are paying the loans. In some other cases, the loans are diverted to projects other than what the proposal stated. There was a case of loans obtained based on establishing an international car park in the border of the State but diverted to finance the election of a politician in the State. The politician eventually lost the election but the citizens of the State have to be taxed to pay the loan. Somebody as “Nigeria we hail thee”.
Transformation in budgeting should commence subsequently at the State and federal level. Now that local government will enjoy some financial autonomy and therefore budgeting process, they should be legally barred from contracting foreign loans. They have no business participating in the market. They should promote balanced budget where proposed expenditures must equal the expected revenues from federal and internal sources. The State government that cannot mobilise, from records, up to 40 percent of its total budget from IGR should not be supported to contract foreign loans. The States should engage in a balanced budget. The federal government budget should shift away from huge allocations to recurrent expenditure towards capital expenditure for capital formation and within the context of a welfarist state.
Sheriffdeen A. Tella, Ph.D.
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