VenturesNow

Zimbabwe looks to private companies to increase rail freight volumes

Published

2 weeks ago

September 6, 2024

To increase freight volumes that had fallen as a result of decades of underinvestment, Zimbabwe’s state-owned railway operator has opened up its network to private operators, including a division of South Africa’s Grindrod, an official said.

At its height in the 1990s, Zimbabwe’s National Railways handled 12 million tonnes of cargo annually; today, however, due to a shortage of locomotives and inadequate maintenance of its rail system, it handles less than 3 million tonnes.

In addition, the collapse came after a precipitous fall in mineral and agricultural production brought on by the violent takeover of white-owned farms in 2000, which was supported by Robert Mugabe, the former leader of Zimbabwe.

Nonetheless, China’s desire for lithium and chrome is the primary driver of the recovery in mineral output.

Recent years have seen the establishment of iron ore, steel, chrome, and lithium enterprises in Zimbabwe by Chinese corporations including Tsingshan Holdings, Sinosteel, Sinomine, Zhejiang Huayou Cobalt, and Chengxin Lithium.

Through Mozambique’s ports, they export minerals to China, and the NRZ’s present capability isn’t keeping up with the expanding volume of commodities being exported. With the help of private businesses, the state-owned organisation is currently trying to increase its capacity.

“Last year we uplifted 2.8 million tons against the available business of 3 million tons,” NRZ spokesperson Andrew Kunambura told Reuters in an interview on Wednesday.

“So these private companies are coming in with their locomotives and wagons to augment what we have.”

As part of the agreement, Grindrod has deployed three locomotives and 150 waggons through its Zimbabwean subsidiary, Beitbridge Bulawayo Railway, since March.

The logistics company based in South Africa is preparing for goods train partnerships in the region as underfunded state-owned operators allow private players to access its deteriorating networks.

The mineral-rich country is seeing an increase in new mining operations that need more rail capacity. It also contains some of the largest resources of copper and lithium in the world, which are needed for renewable energy.

To capitalise on the growing market potential in the area, Grindrod has reorganised its rail division, CEO Xolani Mbambo informed analysts last week. The DRC’s inland railway business and Transnet, a South African corporation that also intends to open up its network to private operators, are potential partners for the company. Recently, the company reached an agreement to cooperate with Transnet.

VenturesNow

Nigeria’s central bank issues fresh guidelines for ‘Ways and Means’ to govt

Published

9 hours ago

September 18, 2024

Ifeoluwa Dada

The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) has issued new guidelines on Ways and Means which limit Ways and Means Advances to the federal government to 5% of the previous year’s revenue collection.

The apex bank made the position known in its fiscal year 2024-2025 monetary, credit, international trade, and exchange policy guidelines.

“Ways and Means Advances shall continue to be available to the Federal Government to finance deficits in its budgetary operations to a maximum of 5.0 per cent of the previous year’s actual collected revenue. Such advances shall be liquidated as soon as possible and shall in any event be repayable at the end of the year in which it was granted,” it said.

The Treasury Single Consideration (TSA) system requires these advances to take into consideration Ministries, Departments, and Agencies (MDAs) sub-accounts, which are linked to the Consolidated Revenue Fund.

The federal government’s consolidated cash situation will be more precisely reported, improving public financial management openness and resource availability. The CBN also stated that Ways and Means Advances must be repaid by the end of the fiscal year they were awarded, encouraging short-term borrowing.

In the Nigerian context, “ways and means” refers to the Federal Government’s ability to borrow money from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN). This means that the government may use “ways and means” to meet short-term needs or emergencies, which is why the CBN is referred to as the “lender of last resort.”

Over the past seven years, the facility had grown 2,900% to an extraordinary N23.7 trillion by 2023. This fast surge, which exceeded legal restrictions, increased inflation and Nigeria’s debt.

The CBN Act allows the bank to grant temporary advances to the federal government for budget revenue deficits at a rate deemed appropriate, but the total amount of such advances “shall not at any time exceed 5% of the previous year’s actual revenue of the Federal Government.”

In addition, it stipulates that “All advances shall be repaid as soon as possible and shall, in any event, be repayable by the end of the Federal Government financial year in which they are granted and if such advances remain unpaid at the end of the year, the power of the bank to grant such further advances in any subsequent year shall not be exercisable, unless the outstanding advances have been repaid.”

The Senate and House recently enacted a bill to increase the CBN’s federal Ways and Means borrowing ceiling. The upper chamber of Nigeria’s legislature boosted the central bank’s loan capacity to the federal government from 5% to 10% of annual income.

Yemi Cardoso, CBN governor, announced earlier this year that the bank would stop making Ways and Means advances to the federal government until existing loans were returned. He said this is one of the bank’s key strategies to handle the country’s economic issues.

VenturesNow

Kenya, IMF discuss economic and fiscal issues

Published

15 hours ago

September 18, 2024

Ifeoluwa Dada

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) said on Tuesday that it had had productive discussions with Kenya’s government on its economic and fiscal goals after widespread protests prompted it to shelve tax rises.

In June, President William Ruto abandoned this year’s finance bill, leaving the deeply indebted government with a larger budget deficit, unpaid payments, and a delay in IMF funding.

“We remain fully committed to supporting the authorities in their efforts to identify a set of policies that could support the completion of the reviews under the ongoing program as soon as feasible,” the IMF said in a statement.

Kenya signed a four-year IMF loan in 2021 and another for climate change measures in May 2023, totalling $3.6 billion. The country secured a staff-level agreement with the IMF on its seventh review in June, but the protest and finance bill withdrawal delayed the executive board’s sign-off and payout.

Public debt helps development. Governments utilise it to fund spending, protect and invest in their citizens, and improve their futures. However, too quick governmental debt growth can be a burden. The developing world which Africa forms core is experiencing this.

Kenya’s government debt was 70.10% of GDP in 2023. Kenya’s government debt to GDP averaged 56.36% from 1998 to 2023, peaking at 78.30% in 2000 and falling to 38.20% in 2012.