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Zambia’s political challenges, ensuring free speech, addressing barriers to participation

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Active political participation is vital for ensuring leaders are accountable and promoting transparency.

In Zambia, while several political parties participate in general, by-elections, and ward elections to test their popularity, financial constraints often hinder smaller parties from making significant impacts.

Prior to the 1991 general elections, Zambia was under a one-party state led by the United National Independence Party (UNIP) and its leader, Dr. Kenneth Kaunda, who endorsed socialism over democracy.

The introduction of multiparty politics in 1991 saw the emergence of various political parties.

However, many of these parties often align with larger parties during elections due to financial pressures.

Major parties like the ruling United Party for National Development (UPND) and the Patriotic Front (PF) frequently seek financial support from conglomerates, promising kickbacks in exchange for government formation.

This has led to calls for legislation on political party financing to ensure transparency about the sources of funding for all parties, though such proposals have faced resistance.

Parties like the former ruling PF, UNIP, and the Movement for Multiparty Democracy (MMD) have struggled with internal disputes, often failing to field candidates in various elections.

Renowned academician Sishuwa Sishuwa highlighted that former ruling parties typically perform poorly after losing power. UNIP, which ruled for 27 years, collapsed after its defeat in 1991, while MMD, which governed for 20 years, similarly faltered after losing power in 2011.

When the PF went into opposition following the 2021 elections, many, including President Hakainde Hichilema, anticipated its decline.

However, Sishuwa noted that despite predictions of its demise, the PF remained resilient, winning support in subsequent polls.

Political participation was crucial for representing diverse perspectives and fostering a vibrant public discourse.

Engaged citizens can advocate for policies and laws that support free speech and democracy.

Elizabeth Carlson of Cambridge University Press points out that while ethnic identity often drives electoral participation in Africa, other factors such as co-locality, co-gender, and co-partisanship also play significant roles.

The focus should shift from ethnic influence alone to a broader understanding of electoral dynamics.

Encouraging political engagement promotes critical thinking and debate, essential for a healthy democracy and free speech.

The 2010 Afrobarometer survey revealed high support for democratic governance in Zambia since 1999, though satisfaction with how democracy functions has been below 50 percent from 2005 to 2009.

Many Zambians are dissatisfied with a political environment where ruling parties remain in power for extended periods, even with freedoms to express opinions and vote.

Before his 2021 election, President Hichilema faced obstacles such as blocked campaign events and military deployment following clashes and election-related violence.

Such challenges underscore the need for increased political participation and a more inclusive environment for free speech to thrive.

This story is sponsored by Project Aliyense.

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Zambia: Expert warns of food security threat due to climate change 

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A prominent Zambian climate-smart agriculture expert, Oliver Bulaya, has warned of a collapse of the county’s agricultural sector with a potential threat to food security due to the worsening impact of climate change.

Bulaya, who bared his mind in an interview with Zambia Monitor on Friday, warned that ignoring the crisis could lead to severe disruptions in the country’s food supply and economy.

“Unless concerted efforts are made, the country will continue facing dire consequences from climate change,” the expert noted.

He lamented a growing trend of farmers relocating to regions experiencing above-normal rainfall, such as the northern block, as they struggle with losses caused by climate variability.

Bulaya emphasized that the once-reliable rainfall areas like North-Western Zambia are now experiencing lower precipitation, as seen during the 2023/2024 farming season and cautioned that poor farming practices, which had already strained the Southern region, could lead to similar challenges in other parts of the country if proactive measures were not implemented.

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Outrage over murder of Nigerian beaten to death by South Africans inside estate security office

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The Nigerian community, under the auspices of Nigerian Citizens Association in South Africa (NICASA), has raised the alarm over the murder of a 37-year-old Nigerian, Julius Chukwunta, who was beaten to death by four South Africans inside an estate.

According to the association, Chukwunta, a native of Aninri Local Government Area in Enugu State, was reportedly attacked on Saturday, December 7, while driving to his residence in Midrand Protea Estate.

In a statement issued on Saturday by the President-General of NICASA, Dr Frank Onyekwelu, Chukwunta was blocked by the four men while approaching his residence.

Onyekwelu stated that information available to the association noted that after attempting to pass through, Chukwunta was met with resistance by the assailants, prompting him to seek help at the security office of the estate.

“At that moment, the four men allegedly attacked him, leaving him severely injured with a head wound,” the PG said.

“His female companion, who was sitting in the car, rushed to the security office and discovered him bleeding on the ground.

“In spite of attempts to call for help, the security office and residents did not assist in calling the police or an ambulance.

“After an hour, Chukwunta’s partner contacted her father, who, along with other family members, took him to Tembisa General Hospital.

“Chukwunta was placed on life support but later succumbed to his injuries and died at the Tembisa General Hospital on December 10, 2024.”

Onyekwelu also confirmed that the case was reported to the police by Chukwunta’s partner at the Midrand Police Station and was registered under file number 262/12/2024.

The NICASA President said the four suspects, aged 20, 24, 27, and 28, were arrested, and the case was presented in Alexandra Magistrate Court on December 13, 2024, where they were charged with murder.

“The court proceedings on December 18, 2024, saw three of the suspects granted bail of R10,000 each, while the fourth had not yet applied for bail. The case was adjourned to February 3, 2025.”

Onyekwelu however, expressed disappointment at the proceedings, wondering why three of the suspects were released on bail and vowed that the Nigerian community would continue to demand justice for Chukwunta and support his family.

He emphasised that the community would not rest until justice was served and the value of Nigerian lives was upheld in South Africa.

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