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Independent media under siege: Challenges persist despite promises of press freedom

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The introduction of multiparty democracy in Zambia in 1991 by the Movement for Multiparty Democracy (MMD) also saw the emergence of independent media houses such as Radio Phoenix, Choice FM, and The Post Newspapers.

These outlets have since played a crucial role in the country’s democracy by holding those in power accountable.

Independent media like Radio Phoenix and The Post Newspapers were instrumental in advancing investigative journalism and critical reporting on government actions and policies.

However, their efforts have not been without challenges.

Before and after assuming office, President Hakainde Hichilema and his officials in the Ministry of Information and Media have repeatedly assured the nation of a free media environment, free from harassment and intimidation.

During his inauguration in August 2021, President Hichilema declared that the media would operate independently.

“The fourth estate, as I said, the media will be freed. For you, the media, you will be truly free; you will operate independently without looking over your shoulder, who is teargassing you, who is shutting down your radio station, who is shutting down your television station because you said something that we do not like. It is your role to self-regulate; it is your role to report fairly, responsibly so you can build this society to be at a level never seen before. That is your responsibility.

“Responsibility comes with obligation. Sort out the mess amongst yourselves, but you have to have the freedom to do that,” President Hichilema stated, adding that the media would coordinate with other sectors to actualise his vision for Zambia.

Despite their role in providing diverse perspectives and fostering informed public discourse, independent media houses continue to face significant challenges.

These included government restrictions, censorship, political pressure, limited resources, inadequate funding, concerns over media ownership and control, and online harassment from ruling party members.

A recent incident involved Mpika-based, Catholic-owned Yusuf Radio, which was stormed by suspected cadres on August 25, 2024.

The cadres intended to disrupt a political radio programme scheduled to feature opposition leader Harry Kalaba.

MISA Zambia Chairperson, Lorraine Mwanza-Chisanga, condemned the action, calling it an affront to freedom of expression as provided for in the Zambian Constitution under Article 20, as well as international laws to which Zambia was a signatory.

“Such actions are not only a threat to democracy but also to the role of the media in facilitating democracy. We call on the authorities to bring to book the culprits behind this unruly behavior in order to prevent future occurrences,” Mwanza-Chisanga said.

In another incident in Lusaka, unknown individuals broke into KBN Television and stole studio equipment and laptops worth K260,000, according to police reports.

KBN Television Chief Executive Officer, Kennedy Mambwe, described the theft as an assault on press freedom.

“This is a very sad day for us at KBN TV but also a very sad day for the media in Zambia. It is quite unprecedented that armed robbers could break into a TV station in the dead of night and take sensitive electronic equipment that we use for live transmission,” Mambwe stated.

In 2024, an alleged UPND cadre named Vincent Ngandu threatened to set Diamond TV on fire in a Facebook post, writing, “Diamond TV, you are irritating to say the least. Don’t invite demons upon ourselves. One day you will find that station on petrol fire. Diamond TV Zambia, you are promoting anarchy in the country.”

During an interview on Diamond TV, the station’s Chief Visionary Officer, Costa Mwansa, expressed frustration with Ministry of Information and Media Permanent Secretary, Thabo Kawana, for referring to him as “notorious.”

Mwansa was questioning Kawana on why he had threatened to close down certain media houses, despite having been a victim of media suppression under the previous administration.

Defending his remarks, Kawana said media houses should take his words as a “kind reminder to be careful.”

When Mwansa pressed further, Kawana accused him of being notorious for suggesting that he was threatening media houses.

Respected academician, Dr. Sishuwa Sishuwa, in 2023, accused State House of threatening privately-owned Hot FM radio for featuring him on their morning show.

According to his tweet, Sishuwa claimed, “State House Communications Expert, Clayson Hamasaka, called the radio station and complained against him.”

Days later, the Independent Broadcasting Authority (IBA) wrote to Hot FM expressing displeasure with one of the anchors on the programme, a complaint that was dismissed by the station’s management.

On November 27, 2023, MISA Zambia reported an attempt to disrupt a live programme on Mazabuka Radio during the “Community Issues” breakfast show.

The programme, dedicated to discussing various community matters in Mazabuka, was allegedly interrupted by UPND cadres.

These incidents are just a few examples of the ongoing threats faced by independent media houses that, on a daily basis, expose corruption, wrongdoing, and hold those in power accountable.

Several stakeholders have called for the strengthening of independent media in Zambia by supporting them through funding and resources, promoting media literacy and critical thinking, and advocating for press freedom and the protection of journalists.

Additionally, they emphasise the need to encourage diverse media ownership and representation and to foster a culture of transparency and accountability.

By supporting independent media, Zambia can foster a more robust democracy, ensuring accountability, transparency, and inclusive public discourse.

This story is sponsored by Project Aliyense.

Metro

How media training can build a resilient culture of free speech in Zambia

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In a democratic country like Zambia, a free and independent media is essential for holding those in power accountable, promoting transparency, good governance and facilitating public discourse.

The media shapes public opinion and fosters a culture of independence and free speech.

However, achieving a strong and independent media landscape in Zambia has been fraught with challenges, including intimidation, censorship and limited access to information, despite the enactment of the Access to Information law.

Addressing these challenges requires professional media training.

Such training equips journalists with the skills, knowledge, and resilience needed to report critically and independently, thereby strengthening democratic institutions and fostering a more engaged, diverse, vibrant and informed citizenry.

Media training supports free speech by preparing journalists to effectively communicate and report on a broad range of issues, including politics, governance, and socio-economic development.

This training encompasses traditional reporting as well as digital media practices.

As digital platforms grow in importance, training in these areas ensures journalists can engage effectively with audiences and combat misinformation.

Furthermore, media training helps journalists build resilience and manage stress, enabling them to withstand intimidation and maintain their mental and physical well-being.

Informed publics are crucial for thriving democracies.

Beyond benefiting journalists, media training has a ripple effect on the community. Training programs often include outreach initiatives that educate the public about the role of the media and the importance of free speech.

These initiatives foster a better understanding of media practices and the value of independent journalism, encouraging public support for a free and vibrant press.

Gracious Kutemwa, a radio and TV presenter at ZNBC, noted that media training promotes diverse voices and helps marginalized groups articulate and share their stories.

“This contributes to a more inclusive media landscape, which is vital for a healthy democratic society,” she said. She added that media training also encourages open dialogue between different segments of society, fostering mutual understanding and respect.

“This dialogue is crucial for addressing social issues and promoting peaceful coexistence,” Kutemwa stated.

She emphasized that media training contributes to the overall health of democracy and governance in the country.

Meanwhile, Kamo Banda, a media and journalism student, highlighted that free speech is a cornerstone of democracy, allowing for the exchange of ideas and public discourse.

“Media training in Zambia can enhance free speech by providing journalists with the skills to express themselves effectively and responsibly,” she said.

Banda also noted that effective media training extends beyond the newsroom.

“By engaging with local communities, training programs can help raise awareness about the role of the media in democracy and the importance of free speech,” she stated.

In conclusion, media training is crucial for building a vibrant and diverse media landscape that reflects the needs of Zambian society.

It empowers voices, enhances democracy, and promotes a culture of free speech and independence in Zambia.

This story is sponsored by Project Aliyense.

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Metro

‘Expect more protests, I am not afraid of Tinubu’, Nigerian activist blows hot after airport arrest

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The presidential candidate of the African Action Congress (AAC) in Nigeria’s 2023 presidential election, Omoyele Sowore, has vowed that despite his arrest by operatives of the Nigerian Immigration Service (NIS) on arrival from the United States at the Murtala Mohammed International Airport in Lagos on Sunday, the President Bola Tinubu-led government should expect more protests.

Sowore, the convener of #RevolutionNow, who was reportedly arrested and detained on Sunday morning at the airport by the NIS which also seized his passport and other travelling documents, said he was not afraid of Tinubu and would go ahead with planned protests.

Sowore, who is also a journalist and publisher of online news platform, Sahara Reporters, had on Sunday announced his arrest on X.com.

“I had just arrived in Nigeria from the USA at MMIA in Lagos; upon reaching Nigerian Immigration, my passport was seized, and they told me they had orders to detain me.

“This is not unexpected because I have always known that it is part of the broader clampdown by the fascist @officialAbat regime on dissent and their fear of the upcoming #FearlessINOctober revolt.”

Though he was later released after undergoing interrogation, Sowore was still upbeat about going ahead with planned protests against the government as he is not afraid of President Tinubu.

Sowore who later appeared in an interview programme on a popular TV station on Sunday night by, insisted that a planned “FearlessInOctober” protest scheduled to commence on October 1, will still go on as well as other such demonstrations.

He said the protest was part of a series of protests organised by Nigerians against what he called the oppressive government of Tinubu.

“We started on August 1, which was part of the ‘End Bad Governance’ protest. It was supposed to be a continuation,” he said.

“There were 15 demands that the government did not even attend to. Instead of that, the Federal Government arrested and detained a lot of people. They tied them with bogus offences, very outrageous offences of treason – for carrying placards.

“So, this is going to be a continuation of that.

“Everybody is aware, the government is aware of this. Everybody is looking forward to it because it’s a matter of right that Nigerians have to not allow this government to obliterate them with hunger, starvation, and incompetence

“It is treason to arrest, detain, and forcibly charge citizens with crimes that the government committed. And it’s not the first time I was accused of treason. In fact, I heard about the offence of treason in 1992 at the University of Lagos when we went and did Babangida Must Go.

“And the police arrested us at Western Avenue Police Station, asked us to start writing statements under duress, and said that we wanted to overthrow the government. That was the period that Olusegun Mayegun was President of NANS.

“I was charged with treason in 2019 by Buhari, so I’m not new to these bogus offences of treason. But that is not our focus. Our focus is that we have a country to liberate and a people to save. So whatever offences are thrown our way, we should not be discouraged.

“It’s up to the people to determine what constitutes the offence of treason. And I must say to you also that in 1994, Tinubu was accused of treason. If you remember when he was accused of bombing the Ejigbo depot by Abacha. So that was why he left Nigeria on exile. But in our case, we are not going to go on exile simply because the government is afraid of our package,” Sowore added.

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