The ambassador of Somalia to the UN on Monday charged the Ethiopian military with breaking the law by crossing their common border illegally and engaging in combat with local security forces.

As part of an African Union peacekeeping mission (ATMIS),
at least 3,000 Ethiopian soldiers are stationed in the Horn of Africa nation, where they are engaged in combat with al Shabaab, an Islamist organization that holds significant territory in Somalia.

According to a bilateral agreement, an additional 5,000–7,000 Ethiopian soldiers are stationed in various areas.

Ethiopia’s army and Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokespeople did not immediately respond to a request for comment. However, according to Somalia’s U.N. ambassador Abukar Dahir Osman, the country was forced to postpone the next withdrawal of ATMIS troops from July to September.

ATMIS is committed to withdrawing by Dec. 31, when a new, smaller force is expected to replace it. Some local elders in the Hiraan region of Somalia reported that a contingent of Ethiopian soldiers entered the region on Saturday to monitor threats from al Shabaab.

With 5,000 of the approximately 18,500 troops leaving last year, the reduction is ongoing, and the government has expressed confidence in its ability to hold the line against al Shabaab. It has stated that the new force should be confined to securing major population centres and should not number more than 10,000.

The agreement by landlocked Ethiopia to lease 20 km (12 miles) of coastline from Somaliland, a region of Somalia that claims independence and has had effective autonomy since 1991 but has failed to earn international recognition, caused relations between Mogadishu and Addis Ababa to plunge earlier this year.

In exchange for being permitted to establish a naval base and commercial port in Somaliland—a move that Mogadishu has denounced as illegal—Ethiopia gave Somaliland the possibility of recognition.

With the use of an automated application system, Nigeria’s Minister of Interior, Olubunmi Tunji-Ojo, claims the government saved millions of naira.

He proposed a number of measures aimed at modernizing the nation’s immigration services.

The minister also revealed intentions to streamline passport applications, start passport home delivery, and install cutting-edge passenger information systems at airports while appearing as a guest on an O’tega Ogra YouTube interview series that was published on Saturday.

He said, “When we came on board in August last year, it was about stock-taking because I always say this, as a professional, you spend more time planning so that execution can be pretty easy and we’ve been able to do that across all our agencies and today, the short-term goals that we had for ourselves we’ve been able to achieve that.

“For example, in Immigration, the short-term goals include clearing our backlog of over 204,000 passports that we inherited, we cleared that in slightly over two weeks, less than three weeks we’re able to do that and under President Bola Tinubu, we made sure that passport backlog has become something of the past that will never happen again.

“We went through our automation process which is basically broken into three different stages but in terms of our short-term target, it’s achieving the first two then the midterm target is, of course, the third one which is where we are now.

“We’ve achieved the first one, which is, of course, automating the application process that has started saving the government billions of naira because I’ll give you an example. We used to pay for archiving of documents, but today, we have automated that process that applicants now upload by themselves.

“When you calculate that, for archiving alone which is about N200 that we used to pay per applicant and by about three million passports a year, that’s about N600 million. So, we have saved the government of that money and yet it’s even more convenient for people because people can now do that on their own and we moved now to the stage of even uploading passports and all these other things.”

The ministry’s home delivery system for passports is “about to go live in the next couple of days,” he continued. The minister also emphasized the use of the Passenger Name Record (PNR) and Advanced Passenger Information (API) systems, which enable immigration officers to pre-profile visitors prior to their arrival in Nigeria. “Our scrutiny is now objective when you enter Nigeria,” he clarified.

“What it means is that if you’re a terrorist or you have a questionable background, you can’t come into Nigeria. So we’ve been able to do that, and as I speak with you, the command and control centre for the air border control management system is 100% ready. If you get to NIS headquarters, you will see it.

“Just two weeks ago IATA came all the way from their headquarters in Canada and they took a facility tour you know of the of this facility and the IATA representative said it clearly that this is one of the best command and control centre any anywhere in the world. That makes me happy as a Nigerian,” he added.

The Nigerian Ministry of Interior has been plagued by numerous forms of corruption up until recently, especially when it comes to the issuing of new or reissued passports. Not less than 8 Nigerian Immigration Service officers and men were dismissed from service in May 2023 for engaging in the unlawful collection of fees related to passport matters, while over eighty more officials were put on trial for the same offence in the same year.

The minister said that the latest reforms are a part of the government’s attempts to make doing business in Nigeria easier and to strengthen national security.