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IMF advises Nigeria’s central bank to raise Monetary Policy Rate

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The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has urged Nigeria’s central bank (CBN) to further hike Monetary Policy Rate (MPR).

The IMF Director of Communications, Ms. Julie Kozack, in Washington DC, United States of America,
on Saturday stressing that the liquidity mop-up being undertaken by the CBN was already addressing the high inflationary rate of over 27%, but the rate must be further adjusted at its next Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) meeting.

The IMF chief also commended recent policy actions on the removal of fuel subsidy and the unification of exchange rates by the Nigerian government.

Nigeria’s short-term interest rate was reported at 17.67 % pa in Oct 2023, compared with 8.67 % pa in the previous month. The data reached an all-time high of 22.95 % pa in Mar 2012 and a record low of 0.36 % pa in Nov 2020.

In her response to questions on Nigeria, she noted that “President Tinubu has implemented two bold and important reforms shortly after taking office.

“The first is on fuel subsidies. Nigeria’s fuel subsidies were costly, especially for the budget, and not well targeted to provide relief for vulnerable households, and so this was rectified. And the second was unifying of the official exchange rate and that removed long standing distortions of the multiple exchange rate system.

“You asked a specific question on inflation. Inflation in Nigeria is running very high. It reached over 27 percent in October, that is the year-on-year number.

“The Central bank, under its new leadership, has started to withdraw excess liquidity that was in the system and contributing to high inflation.

“The next Monetary Policy Committee meeting should further raise policy interest rate. So, the Central bank is taking action to try to address the high inflation problem. As we mentioned in our Article IV Consultation, which was held in February of 2023, raising revenue from the very current low revenue to GDP ratio of 9 percent is essential to create fiscal space for social and development spending. 9 percent of GDP is a very low revenue to GDP ratio, and it is really not high enough to be able to support strong social safety nets, and development spending, to help protect vulnerable households and also to meet Nigeria’s development needs.

”The 2024 budget aims to reduce the fiscal deficit while also creating space for these priority spendings, both on the social side and also on the development side.”

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After decades of imports, Nigeria ends oil importation

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The Nigerian National Petroleum Company Limited (NNPC) has declared that it has finally stopped the long-standing practice of importing petroleum products after decades of doing so.

 

Nigeria’s national oil corporation stated that it now purchased from the 650,000 barrels per day Dangote Petroleum Refinery in Lagos, which is estimated to save the country up to $10 billion in hard currency each year.

 

This was revealed by Mr Mele Kyari, Group Chief Executive Officer of NNPC, in Lagos during his keynote address at the 42nd annual international conference and exhibition of the Nigerian Association of Petroleum Explorationists (NAPE).

 

The statement coincided with the Independent Petroleum Marketers Association of Nigeria (IPMAN) announcing another positive development: the organisation had agreed to purchase goods directly from the $20 billion Dangote facility.

 

The oil dealers had fiercely protested the prior arrangement, which called for independent marketers to purchase from the NNPC rather than the Dangote Refinery.

 

However, Kyari also stated that all of the nation’s oil producers are required to send crude to the four NNPC refineries upon their return to the grid, citing the Domestic Crude Oil Obligation (DCOO) as outlined in the Petroleum Industry Act (PIA) 2021 as support.

 

He denied rumours that local refineries were being harmed by the national oil company’s refusal to supply them with crude oil.

 

As a proud co-owner of the Dangote Refinery, Kyari described NNPC as having recognised an opportunity in the $20 billion refinery as a clear market for at least 300,000 barrels per day of production, which would allow it to avoid being caught in the rapidly contracting crude oil market.

 

“Oil is found in very many unexpected locations across the world and people have choices. And therefore, we saw an opportunity to now supply to not just Dangote, but every refinery that operates in the country. So, it’s a well-informed business decision. Therefore, from day one, we knew that it was to our benefit to supply crude oil to domestic refineries.

 

“So, we don’t need to be persuaded. We don’t need anyone to talk to us. There is no need for any pressure from the streets for us to do this. We are already doing this”, Kyari stated.

 

Nigeria saw a decrease in petrol imports according to the National Bureau of Statistics, after President Bola Tinubu eliminated the gasoline subsidy in May 2023. Additionally, the report revealed that petroleum imports decreased by 13.77 percent year over year to 20.30 billion litres in 2023 from 23.54 billion litres in 2022.

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Nigeria signs deal for aircraft maintenance facility

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To build an aircraft maintenance, repair, and overhaul facility, the Nigerian government, acting through the Ministry of Aviation and Aerospace Development, has partnered with a private company in a public-private partnership.

Details of the agreement were given by a Ministry of Aviation representative, who spoke on condition of anonymity because they were not authorised to discuss the subject. The representative explained that the new facility would function as an Approved Maintenance Organisation under the Nigerian Civil Aviation Authority’s regulations.

The representative said, “AMO approved by the NCAA is meant to perform specific aircraft maintenance activities, which activities may include the inspection, overhaul, maintenance, repair, and/or alteration and release to service of aircraft or aeronautical products.”

Nigeria, which is the most populous country in Africa, is a major destination for more than 22 international airlines. Over 78 nations now have bilateral air services agreements with Nigeria.

According to the ministry source, this facility is the first of its kind in Nigeria and is intended to address the increasing maintenance requirements of domestic aircraft, which currently frequently necessitate costly and time-consuming journeys to foreign maintenance facilities.

The actual “date of commercial operations will be the date on which the NCAA grants the concessionaire approvals and licenses as required by the concessionaire in the agreement,” the ministry continued, adding that the exact start date for construction and ultimate operations is still unclear.

The source added that “all necessary activities are underway to make the contract effective.”

The official responded, “I don’t have those timelines,” when questioned about them. Before we discuss the actual building and management of the facilities, we are working quickly to complete a few tasks that will make the contract effective.

Festus Keyamo, the country’s minister of aviation and aerospace development, announced in August that he had finalised plans to start the bidding process for the construction of maintenance, repair, and overhaul facilities.

The minister stated that the action was a component of the government’s endeavour to improve the nation’s aviation infrastructure and lessen dependency on foreign MRO services. Due to the project’s high capital requirements, he also declared his intention to pursue a significant project using a Public-Private Partnership approach.

Nigeria’s economy and transportation sector both heavily rely on civil aviation. Nigeria boasts 23 operating domestic airlines, 20 airports, several regulated airstrips and heliports, 554 certified pilots, 913 qualified engineers, and 1700 cabin crew members.

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