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IMF, Egypt reach agreement on review of economic reform programme

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Egypt has revealed that it has reached an agreement with the International Monetary Fund (IMF) to merge the fund’s first and second reviews of its economic reform programme.

The development comes after the first review was repeatedly delayed amid questions over Egypt’s progress in meeting the IMF’s terms.

Egypt’s finance ministry said in a detailed budget explanation on Saturday that “both the International Monetary Fund and the Egyptian state agreed to merge the first and second reviews at the same time, which is expected to be determined before the end of 2023”.

The ministry also revealed that negotiations with the IMF were proceeding “fruitfully and positively” in accordance with the terms of the programme concluded with the Fund.

The pound is currently trading at about 39 to the dollar on the black market, despite Egypt’s pledge to adopt a flexible exchange rate when it reached the loan agreement with the IMF late last year.

President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi in June ruled out a further devaluation of the Egyptian Pound anytime soon, on the grounds that it could harm national security and hurt the public.

The economy of Egypt has been declining recently. According to a financial ratings agency, Moody’s, Egypt is one of the five nations in the world most at risk of defaulting on its external debt. In recent years, Egypt has relied heavily on bailouts from Gulf nations and the IMF.

Egypt is currently ranked 11th out of 14 nations in the Middle East and North Africa, and its overall score is lower than the average for the area and the entire world.

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Moroccan annual inflation rises to 0.8% in November

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Morocco’s statistics office has confirmed that the country’s annual inflation rate, as determined by the consumer price index, increased from 0.7% in October to 0.8% in November.

Monthly, consumer prices decreased by 0.2% from October.

The primary driver of inflation, food costs, grew by 0.8% compared to the previous year, while non-food inflation climbed by 0.7%. Core inflation, which does not include more erratic items like food, increased 2.6% annually and 0.2% monthly.

According to the central bank, inflation is expected to average 1% this year, down from 6.1% last year.

Despite the Al-Haouz earthquake, a spike in inflation, and worldwide economic challenges, Morocco’s GDP grew by 3.4% in 2023.

A recovery in tourism, robust industrial exports, and rising private consumption—all bolstered by prudent macroeconomic policies—were the main drivers of growth.

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Nigeria’s $42bn foreign reserves enough for 9 months’ imports— Central Bank

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According to Olayemi Cardoso, Governor of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), the nation’s $42.01 billion in foreign reserves can cover imports of goods and services for almost nine months.

Cardoso promised Nigerians improved economic fortunes in 2025 while addressing the Senate Committee on Banking, Insurance, and Other Financial Institutions yesterday in Abuja at the presentation of the performance index report.

Cardoso stated: “External Reserves rose from $ 38.35 billion it was on September 30, 2024, to $ 42.01 billion as of December 12, 2024”.

He clarified that third-party receipts in Q3 2024 and revenues from taxes connected to crude oil were the main drivers of the rise in foreign reserves during the specified time.

“We saw remarkable improvements in our trade balance and maintained a current account surplus,” he added.

“Our external reserves level can finance over 9.09 months of import of goods and services or 13.91 months only, higher than the international benchmark of 3.0 months and a robust buffer against shocks”.

On cash shortage, the CBN boss reiterated the N150 million fine against any branch of banks caught illegally distributing new Naira notes to currency hawkers and unscrupulous elements and said the Nigerian economy will improve in 2025 through policies and measures.

He predicted a stronger economic future: “Despite our economy’s challenges, there are clear reasons for optimism.

“The gradual stabilization of the forex market, ongoing banking sector recapitalization, and positive growth trends in key sectors, especially the services sector, indicate a path toward recovery and stability.”

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